From the Newsletter of Whistleblowers
Australia:
THE WHISTLE AUGUST 1997
PAGE 12
Amendments to the NSW Mental Health Act
By RICHARD GOSDEN
It is not unusual for whistleblowers to be referred for medical, psychiatric or psychological assessment as a condition of continued employment. When this happens the health professional making the assessment is likely see the whistleblower's employer as the client, rather than the whistleblower, and this might influence the outcome of the assessment. If a whistleblower's beliefs about perceived malpractice in an organisation are not demonstrably shared by other people these beliefs could easily be interpreted by a doctor or psychiatrist as delusions or disordered thoughts and thus form the basis for a diagnosis of mental illness.
Until recently in NSW such an outcome might embarrass, demoralise and discredit a whistleblower but it was unlikely to lead to incarceration in a mental hospital. This was because involuntary commitment required that a person not only be diagnosed mentally ill but also be physically dangerous. However, changes to the NSW Mental Health Act, which passed through the Parliament in June 1997, might now make medical/psychiatric assessment more hazardous.
The five symptoms of mental illness specified in the Act remain unchanged. These symptoms are delusions, hallucinations, serious thought disorder, serious mood disorder and irrational behaviour. The identification of any one of these symptoms is sufficient to indicate mental illness. But involuntary commitment requires a further determination that the person is also "dangerous".
Before the changes "dangerousness" was defined
as a risk of "serious physical harm" to self or other people. But
the amendments have deleted the word "physical" from the criteria
and now a person only has to be thought likely to cause "serious
harm". An explanatory note attached to the amendments defines
"serious harm" as including harm to finances or reputation. It is
clear from the wording that this type of harm can be applied to
either the supposed mentally ill person or another party.
These changes mean that if a medical practitioner forms the
belief that a whistleblower's story is delusional, or the product
of disordered thinking, and that its telling might cause harm to
the finances or reputation of another party, then these will be
sufficient grounds to incarcerate the person in a mental
hospital. Although there is a supposedly fail-safe system
designed to prevent inappropriate or mischievous incarceration,
whereby two hospital doctors have to confirm a certifying
doctor's diagnosis before admittance, this system might not be
reliable. In 1995, for instance, 99.6% of the people delivered to
mental hospitals in NSW under a doctor's certificate were
admitted by the hospital doctors.
This indicates either that the certifying doctors are very
accurate in their front-line assessments of mental illness or
alternatively that once a label of mental illness has been
attached to a person other doctors have a tendency to confirm it
automatically.